Experimental and theoretical study on photovoltaic cells cooling using phase change materials based on Y-shaped fins

GUO Wei; HE Chunguang; HAN Wei; FU Kangli; ZHANG Shunqi; YAO Mingyu; AN Jiakun

doi:10.19666/j.rlfd.202410216

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Experimental and theoretical study on photovoltaic cells cooling using phase change materials based on Y-shaped fins

Thermal Power Generation Vol. 54, Issue 5, Pages: 54-63(2025)

更新时间：2025-09-26

- Experimental and theoretical study on photovoltaic cells cooling using phase change materials based on Y-shaped fins
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 国网河北省电力有限公司经济技术研究院
  2. 西安热工研究院有限公司
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.19666/j.rlfd.202410216
  CLC：
- Published：2025
- 稿件说明：
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GUO Wei, HE Chunguang, HAN Wei, et al. Experimental and theoretical study on photovoltaic cells cooling using phase change materials based on Y-shaped fins[J]. Thermal Power Generation, 2025, 54(5): 54-63.
DOI：

GUO Wei, HE Chunguang, HAN Wei, et al. Experimental and theoretical study on photovoltaic cells cooling using phase change materials based on Y-shaped fins[J]. Thermal Power Generation, 2025, 54(5): 54-63. DOI： 10.19666/j.rlfd.202410216.

摘要

光伏发电充分利用了太阳能绿色清洁、分布广泛、储备丰富的优势，但光伏组件的发电效率往往因工作温度升高而下降，严重影响系统性能。针对这一问题，通过实验研究了基于Y形翅片的相变材料对光伏电池的冷却效果，重点分析了Y形翅片的分杈角、位置长度和长度比等结构参数对系统热电性能的影响。研究结果表明：与无翅片系统相比，带有Y形翅片的系统平均光电转换效率提高了0.37%，同时石蜡的平均熔化速率增加了21.52%；位置长度对熔化速率的影响最大；分杈角为60°、长度比为2、位置长度为0时，Y形翅片能够使腔体内温度均匀性达到最佳。光伏电池通过耦合Y形翅片和相变材料进行散热，有望解决相变材料热导性差导致的熔化不均、内部温度分层、局部温度过高以及热斑等实际应用中的问题。

Abstract

Photovoltaic power generation makes full use of the advantages of solar energy

which is green

clean

widely distributed

and abundantly available. However

the efficiency of photovoltaic(PV) modules often decreases as the operating temperature increases

severely affecting system performance. To address this issue

this paper experimentally investigates the cooling effect of phase change materials(PCM) with Y-shaped fins on PV cells. The study focuses on analyzing the effect of structural parameters such as the branching angle

position length

and length ratio of the Y-shaped fins on the system's thermoelectric performance. The results show that

comparing with the system without fins

the system with Y-shaped fins has an average increase of 0.37% in photoelectric conversion efficiency

and the average melting rate of paraffin increased by 21.52%. The position length has the greatest impact on the melting rate. When the branching angle is 60°

the length ratio is 2

and the position length is 0

the Y-shaped fin can achieve the best temperature uniformity inside the cavity. By coupling Y-shaped fins with PCMs for PV cell cooling

this research aims to address practical application challenges such as uneven melting

internal temperature stratification

excessive local temperatures

and hotspots caused by the poor thermal conductivity of PCMs.

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