考虑直流锅炉动态换热的超临界机组电力系统仿真建模

徐达睿; 郝玲; 陈磊; 祁鑫; 刘一峰; 李江鹏; 黄怡涵; 徐飞

doi:10.19666/j.rlfd.202410214

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考虑直流锅炉动态换热的超临界机组电力系统仿真建模

热力发电 2025年54卷第7期页码：91-100

发电技术论坛 | 更新时间：2026-08-11

- 考虑直流锅炉动态换热的超临界机组电力系统仿真建模
- Simulation modelling of power system for supercritical units considering dynamic heat exchange of once-through boiler
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 清华大学电机工程与应用电子技术系
  2. 清华大学新型电力系统运行与控制全国重点实验室
  3. 国网宁夏电力有限公司
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  国家电网有限公司科技项目(SGNX0000DKJS2200808)~~
- DOI：10.19666/j.rlfd.202410214
  中图分类号： TM621.2;TP391.9
- 纸质出版：2025
- 稿件说明：
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[1]徐达睿,郝玲,陈磊,等.考虑直流锅炉动态换热的超临界机组电力系统仿真建模[J],2025,54(07):91-100.
[1]徐达睿,郝玲,陈磊,等.考虑直流锅炉动态换热的超临界机组电力系统仿真建模[J],2025,54(07):91-100. DOI： 10.19666/j.rlfd.202410214.

DOI：10.19666/j.rlfd.202410214.

摘要

随着新能源并网比例的增加，电力系统频率安全问题凸显，掌握机组调节能力的重要性日益突出。目前电力系统仿真中，适用于机电暂态和中长期动态的火电机组模型主要采用IEEE推荐的汽包锅炉简化模型和单再热器汽轮机模型。如果对直流锅炉机组也采用该模型，则会因为蓄热系数的动态和控制系统的偏差，机组主蒸汽压力的仿真结果大幅偏离实际，进而错估机组调节能力。基于此，采用热力学的建模方法，建立了一种适用于多时间尺度动态仿真的超临界直流锅炉火电机组模型。通过建立水冷壁的移动边界模型和过热器的动态热量流模型，更准确地反映直流锅炉的蓄热能力；通过加入给水控制和过热度控制，使得控制系统更符合实际机组。利用电厂运行数据验证了该模型具有较高的仿真精度。相较于现有电力仿真模型，该模型对主蒸汽压力的仿真精度大幅提升。所提出的模型能够更准确地描述超临界直流锅炉机组在一、二次调频及调峰中的动态过程，有助于电力系统频率过程仿真。

Abstract

With the increasing proportion of new energy connected to the grid

the issue of frequency safety in the power system and mastering the regulation ability of the units have become more important. At present

in power system simulation

thermal power unit models suitable for electromechanical transient and medium-long term dynamics mainly adopt the simplified model of drum boilers and the single reheater turbine model recommended by IEEE. If a similar model is also used for the once-through boiler unit

the simulation results of the main steam pressure will deviate significantly from the actual situation due to the dynamic of thermal storage coefficient and the deviation of control system

which leads to a misjudgement of the unit's regulation ability. By using thermodynamic modeling methods

a supercritical once-through boiler unit model suitable for multi-time scale dynamic simulation is proposed. By establishing a moving boundary model of the water wall and a dynamic heat flow model of the superheater

the heat storage capacity of the once-through boiler can be reflected more accurately. By incorporating feedwater control and superheat control

the control system is more in line with the actual unit. The high simulation accuracy of the model is verified using power plant operation data. Compared with the existing power simulation models

the simulation accuracy of the main steam pressure has been improved significantly. Therefore

the model can describe the dynamics of supercritical once-through boiler units more accurately in primary and secondary frequency regulation and peak shaving

which is helpful for simulating the frequency process of power systems.

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Keywords

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