燃煤锅炉烟气冷却器典型故障及防范对策

胡芳芳; 任纪云; 邓磊; 王一坤; 车得福; 邹莹

doi:10.19666/j.rlfd.202411238

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燃煤锅炉烟气冷却器典型故障及防范对策

热力发电 2025年54卷第7期页码：111-117

发电技术论坛 | 更新时间：2026-08-11

- 燃煤锅炉烟气冷却器典型故障及防范对策
- Typical faults and countermeasures of flue gas cooler for coal-fired boilers
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 西安交通大学动力工程多相流国家重点实验室
  2. 中国能源建设集团陕西省电力设计院有限公司
  3. 华能长江环保科技有限公司
  4. 西安交通大学外语学院
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFF0600601)~~
- DOI：10.19666/j.rlfd.202411238
  中图分类号： TM621.2
- 纸质出版：2025
- 稿件说明：
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[1]胡芳芳,任纪云,邓磊,等.燃煤锅炉烟气冷却器典型故障及防范对策[J],2025,54(07):111-117.
[1]胡芳芳,任纪云,邓磊,等.燃煤锅炉烟气冷却器典型故障及防范对策[J],2025,54(07):111-117. DOI： 10.19666/j.rlfd.202411238.

DOI：10.19666/j.rlfd.202411238.

摘要

随着“双碳”目标的提出，电力系统低碳转型步伐进一步加快，烟气余热利用系统在火电机组得到了广泛应用。烟气冷却器作为烟气余热利用系统的核心设备，受布置空间、烟尘浓度高、硫酸氢铵沉积等因素的影响，实际运行中故障率较高，不仅造成回收烟气余热量减少，而且增加系统阻力导致风机耗电率升高，甚至影响机组带负荷能力和环保达标排放。基于对火电行业250余套烟气冷却器投运情况的广泛调研，梳理出烟气冷却器普遍存在的泄漏、本体积灰、烟道底部积灰和低温烟气腐蚀等典型故障，深入分析以上典型故障的原因及其耦合关系，并提出针对性防范对策，为烟气冷却器改造、运维提供指导。

Abstract

With the proposal of “double carbon target”

the pace of low-carbon transformation of power system has been further accelerated. The flue gas waste heat utilization systems have been widely applied in thermal power units. As the core equipment of the flue gas waste heat utilization system

the flue gas cooler has a high failure rate in actual operation due to factors such as limited space in the flue gas layout

high flue dust concentration

and ammonium bisulfate deposition. This not only reduces the recovery of flue gas waste heat

but also increases system resistance

resulting in an increase in fan power consumption and even affecting the unit's load capacity and environmental emission. On the basis of extensive researches on the operation of more than 250 sets of flue gas coolers in the thermal power industry

typical faults commonly found in flue gas coolers

such as leakage

boiler ash deposition

bottom flue ash deposition

and low-temperature flue gas corrosion

are summarized. The causes of the above typical faults and their coupling relationships are analyzed in depth. Moreover

the targeted preventive measures are proposed to provide guidance for transformation and operation/maintenance of flue gas coolers.

关键词

Keywords

references

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