基于燃煤机组的新型卡诺电池系统热力学性能分析与优化

李玲; 夏大伟; 张步庭; 支长双; 赵世飞

doi:10.19666/j.rlfd.202504057

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基于燃煤机组的新型卡诺电池系统热力学性能分析与优化

热力发电 2026年55卷第2期页码：23-31

储能材料、装置及系统 | 更新时间：2026-08-07

- 基于燃煤机组的新型卡诺电池系统热力学性能分析与优化
- 基于燃煤机组的新型卡诺电池系统热力学性能分析与优化
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 国网河南省电力公司电力科学研究院
  2. 华北水利水电大学能源与动力工程学院
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目（52206012）~~
- DOI：10.19666/j.rlfd.202504057
  中图分类号： TM91
- 纸质出版：2026
- 稿件说明：
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[1]李玲,夏大伟,张步庭,等.基于燃煤机组的新型卡诺电池系统热力学性能分析与优化[J].热力发电,2026,55(02):23-31.
[1]李玲,夏大伟,张步庭,等.基于燃煤机组的新型卡诺电池系统热力学性能分析与优化[J].热力发电,2026,55(02):23-31. DOI： 10.19666/j.rlfd.202504057.

DOI：10.19666/j.rlfd.202504057.

摘要

基于燃煤发电机组的卡诺电池系统可在高效接纳新能源弃电的同时，利用现役燃煤机组的设备完成释能过程，以应对高比例可再生能源接入对电力供应侧调节能力的挑战。基于分流膨胀的思想提出了一种新型“超临界二氧化碳逆布雷顿-朗肯循环”卡诺电池系统，并借助EBSILON Professional平台对系统进行建模，分析其热力学性能和关键参数敏感性，最后通过遗传算法获得了系统的最优设计参数。结果表明：在设计工况下，新型系统储能循环的透平做功量和余热回收量较原系统分别提高了59.84%和43.23%；储能过程能效系数（COP）和储能往返效率（RTE）分别为1.32和57.68%，较参考系统提高了0.10和4.37百分点；随着压比和分流比的升高和回热器2上端差的降低，新型系统的COP和RTE均提高；当分流比为0.23、压比为3.09、回热器2上端差为12.60℃时，卡诺电池储能循环的COP最高为1.37，此时卡诺电池RTE为59.87%。研究结果可为燃煤机组提高灵活性和可再生能源的高效接纳提供技术参考。

Abstract

A Carnot battery system based on coal-fired power units can efficiently absorb curtailed power of new energy while utilizing the existing infrastructure of coal-fired plants for energy release

thereby addressing the challenges posed by high-penetration renewable energy on the power supply-side flexibility. A novel supercritical carbon dioxide reverse Brayton-Rankine cycle Carnot battery system is proposed based on the concept of split-flow expansion

and a comprehensive investigation is conducted through thermodynamic modeling in EBSILON Professional

parameter sensitivity analysis

and multi-objective optimization using genetic algorithms. The results indicate that under design conditions

the turbine power output and waste heat recovery of the novel system are improved by 59.84% and 43.23%

respectively

compared to the reference system. The energy storage cycle achieves a coefficient of performance(COP) of 1.32 and a round-trip efficiency(RTE) of 57.68%

representing an increase of 0.10 in COP and 4.37 percentage points in RTE over the reference system. Both COP and RTE increase with higher pressure ratios

higher flow split ratios

and lower top-end temperature differences in recuperator 2. When the flow split ratio is 0.23

the pressure ratio is 3.09

and the top-end temperature difference in recuperator 2 is 12.60 ℃

the COP of the Carnot battery storage cycle reaches a maximum of 1.37

with a corresponding RTE of 59.87%. The study provides a technical reference for enhancing the operational flexibility of coal-fired power plants and optimizing renewable energy integration through advanced thermal storage technologies.

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