光伏组件油性积尘环保清洗剂实验研究

邓绪铭; 文慧峰; 张恒; 张磊

doi:10.19666/j.rlfd.202505009

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光伏组件油性积尘环保清洗剂实验研究

热力发电 2026年55卷第4期页码：148-155

发电技术论坛 | 更新时间：2026-06-12

- 光伏组件油性积尘环保清洗剂实验研究
- 光伏组件油性积尘环保清洗剂实验研究
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 西安热工研究院有限公司
  2. 华能湖南岳阳发电有限责任公司
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  中国华能集团有限公司总部科技项目（HNKJ22-H29）~~
- DOI：10.19666/j.rlfd.202505009
  中图分类号： TM615
- 纸质出版：2026
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
[1]邓绪铭,文慧峰,张恒,等.光伏组件油性积尘环保清洗剂实验研究[J].热力发电,2026,55(04):148-155.
[1]邓绪铭,文慧峰,张恒,等.光伏组件油性积尘环保清洗剂实验研究[J].热力发电,2026,55(04):148-155. DOI： 10.19666/j.rlfd.202505009.

DOI：10.19666/j.rlfd.202505009.

摘要

油性积尘覆盖光伏组件表面会严重降低发电效率，然而现有清洗剂对油性积尘清洗效果差，易污染环境和腐蚀组件。通过XRF、XRD和灼烧法分析油性积尘成分，其有机物质量分数高达17.52%导致黏附性高，以A类环保组分为原料，经四因素三水平正交实验优化复配制得油性积尘环保清洗剂，经连续活性污泥法、浸泡实验验证降解和腐蚀性能。结果表明：10 g/m

的油性积尘可使光伏组件最大输出功率降低30.28%，清洗剂稀释30倍时对油性积尘清洁率达到99.84%，其化学需氧量为3 000 mg/L的清洗废水生物降解性超90.41%；在粮油厂屋顶的实际应用中，可实现79.4%的发电效率恢复率及5.6℃的表面温度提升，清洗剂成本仅0.5元/m

且无腐蚀，效果较市售清洗剂更优。该油性积尘环保清洗剂可对覆盖油性积尘的光伏组件实现高效环保清洗，对保障光伏电站运行、提高发电效率具有积极意义。

Abstract

The oily dust on photovoltaic(PV) modules significantly reduces power generation efficiency

but conventional cleaning agents suffer from poor cleaning performance

cause environmental pollution

and bring component corrosion risks. This study analyzed the dust composition via XRF

XRD

and ignition methods

revealing that organic matters with a mass fraction of 17.52% cause high adhesiveness. An eco-friendly cleaning agent was developed by optimizing the formulation via a four-factor three-level orthogonal experiment using Class A eco-friendly components. Its degradation and corrosion properties were verified through the continuous activated sludge method and immersion experiments. The results showed 10 g/m

oily dust could reduce the PV module power by 30.28%

while the cleaning age

nt achieved a cleaning efficiency of 99.84% at 30-fold dilution. The cleaning wastewater with a COD of 3 000 mg/L achieved a biodegradability of over 90.41%. Field application on oil plant rooftops restored 79.4% power efficiency and raised surface temperature by 5.6 ℃. Costing only 0.5 yuan per square meter and causing no corrosion to PV modules

the proposed cleaning agent outperforms commercial alternatives. It enables efficient and eco-friendly cleaning

ensuring stable operation of PV power stations and improving power generation efficiency.

关键词

Keywords

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