超临界二氧化碳储能系统印刷线路板式换热器的传热-流阻解耦优化

袁淑霞; 辛蕊; 吴松; 杨坤; 李铮; 朱宗栋

doi:10.19666/j.rlfd.202506103

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超临界二氧化碳储能系统印刷线路板式换热器的传热-流阻解耦优化

热力发电 2026年55卷第3期页码：138-149

新型发电技术 | 更新时间：2026-08-07

- 超临界二氧化碳储能系统印刷线路板式换热器的传热-流阻解耦优化
- 超临界二氧化碳储能系统印刷线路板式换热器的传热-流阻解耦优化
- 作者机构：
  
  西安石油大学机械工程学院
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目（2024JC-YBMS-368,2025JC-YBMS-425）~~
- DOI：10.19666/j.rlfd.202506103
  中图分类号： TK172
- 纸质出版：2026
- 稿件说明：
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[1]袁淑霞,辛蕊,吴松,等.超临界二氧化碳储能系统印刷线路板式换热器的传热-流阻解耦优化[J].热力发电,2026,55(03):138-149.
[1]袁淑霞,辛蕊,吴松,等.超临界二氧化碳储能系统印刷线路板式换热器的传热-流阻解耦优化[J].热力发电,2026,55(03):138-149. DOI： 10.19666/j.rlfd.202506103.

DOI：10.19666/j.rlfd.202506103.

摘要

【目的】为提升二氧化碳储能系统换热器效率，以太阳盐和超临界二氧化碳(S-CO

)作为冷、热侧流体，研究其在印刷线路板式换热器(printed circuit heat exchanger

PCHE)中的流动传热性能。【方法】选取通道直径、转折角度、转折周期数为自变量，以总换热系数K、换热系数与压降比K/ΔP为响应值，采用数值模拟结合响应曲面法，分析自变量及交互作用的影响并优化参数。【结果】在通道直径1.0～2.0 mm、转折角度5～30°、转折周期数6～10的范围内，减小通道直径、增大转折角度及转折周期数可提升换热效率；通道直径对K和K/ΔP影响极显著，其与转折周期数的交互作用也显著；确定K最优参数(直径1.003 mm、转折角度29.71°、转折周期数9.935时，K高达1 313W/(m

·K))、K/ΔP最优参数(直径2.0 mm、转折角度9.407°、转折周期数6时，K/ΔP达0.453 7W/(m

·K·Pa));PCHE尺寸较传统管壳式换热器缩小约1/10。【结论】该研究证实了在Z型PCHE中，通道直径、转折角度和转折周期数的改变会影响换热性能，而响应曲面法可有效地优化通道结构参数来提升换热性能。并且PCHE在二氧化碳储能系统中紧凑性优势显著。

Abstract

[Objective

]

To enhance the heat exchanger efficiency in a carbon dioxide energy storage system

a printed circuit heat exchanger(PCHE) was employed as the core heat transfer component

with binary nitrate molten salt(solar salt) serving as the cold-side fluid and supercritical carbon dioxide(S-CO

) as the hot-side fluid. This study aims to investigate the key factors influencing the internal heat transfer process in PCHE and optimize the dominant structural parameters governing its thermal performance

thereby addressing the performance bottlenecks of heat exchangers in such energy storage systems. [Methods

]

hree key structural parameters of the Zigzag PCHE

such as channel diameter

turning angle

and number of turning cycles

were selected as independent variables. The overall heat transfer coefficient K(a core indicator of heat transfer capacity) and the ratio of the overall heat transfer coefficient to pressure drop K/ΔP(a key metric for evaluating the trade-off between heat transfer and flow resistance) were designated as response variables. A three-factor

three-level response surface methodology(RSM) was established to quantitatively analyze the effects of the three structural parameters and their pairwise interactions on the response variables. Parameter optimization of the heat exchange channels was subsequently performed based on the analytical results. [Results

]

Within the specified parameter ranges(channel diameter: 1.0～2.0 mm

turning angle: 5°～30°

number of turning cycles: 6～10)

the results indicate that reducing the channel diameter

increasing the turning angle

or increasing the number of turning cycles can effectively improve the heat transfer efficiency of the Zigzag PCHE. Statistical analysis shows that the channel diameter has a highly significant impact on both K and K/ΔP

and the interaction between the channel diameter and the number of turning cycles also significantly influences these two response variables. The optimal parameter set for achieving the maximum K value(1 313 W/(m

·K)) was determined to be a channel diameter of 1.003 mm

a turning angle of 29.71°

and 9.935 turning cycles. Furthermore

the optimal combination for the comprehensive performance factor K/ΔP was found to be a channel diameter of 2.0 mm

a turning angle of 9.407°

and 6 turning cycles

yielding a K/ΔP value of 0.453 7 W/(m

·K·Pa) and a corresponding K value of 801.7 W/(m

·K). A comparative analysis reveals that the optimized PCHE volume is reduced by approximately one-tenth compared to conventional shell-and-tube heat exchangers. [Conclusion

]

This study confirms that variations in

the channel diameter

turning angle

and number of turning cycles significantly affect the thermal performance of zigzag PCHEs. The response surface methodology proves effective in optimizing the channel structural parameters to enhance heat transfer performance. Moreover

PCHEs demonstrate remarkable compactness advantages in CO

energy storage systems

making them well-suited for space-constrained operational environments. The findings provide reliable theoretical and data-driven support for the rational selection and engineering design of heat exchangers in related fields.

关键词

Keywords

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