基于混合卷吸机理的高温高压蒸汽引射器热力学设计与结构优化

郭宇朦; 马素霞; 张敬贤; 张嘉杰

doi:10.19666/j.rlfd.202507134

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基于混合卷吸机理的高温高压蒸汽引射器热力学设计与结构优化

热力发电 2026年55卷第3期页码：53-63

热能科学研究 | 更新时间：2026-08-07

- 基于混合卷吸机理的高温高压蒸汽引射器热力学设计与结构优化
- 基于混合卷吸机理的高温高压蒸汽引射器热力学设计与结构优化
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 太原学院建筑与环境工程系
  2. 太原理工大学电气与动力工程学院
  3. 怀柔实验室山西研究院
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  国家重点研发计划项目（2020YFB0606302）;山西省基础研究计划项目（202403021222365）;太原学院青年项目（24TYQN22）~~
- DOI：10.19666/j.rlfd.202507134
  中图分类号： TM621
- 纸质出版：2026
- 稿件说明：
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[1]郭宇朦,马素霞,张敬贤,等.基于混合卷吸机理的高温高压蒸汽引射器热力学设计与结构优化[J].热力发电,2026,55(03):53-63.
[1]郭宇朦,马素霞,张敬贤,等.基于混合卷吸机理的高温高压蒸汽引射器热力学设计与结构优化[J].热力发电,2026,55(03):53-63. DOI： 10.19666/j.rlfd.202507134.

DOI：10.19666/j.rlfd.202507134.

摘要

热电联产机组耦合蒸汽引射器技术能够有效实现热电联产解耦及深度电力调峰。作为系统核心部件，蒸汽引射器的性能直接影响机组运行效率和稳定性。首先针对高温高压蒸汽引射器，提出了一维热力学设计模型，该模型考虑可压缩混合层发展特点，首次基于混合卷吸机理，引入可压缩混合层厚度概念，确定引射器的径向尺寸；然后采用数值模拟分析引射器性能及流场特性，进一步优化轴向尺寸，推荐最优结构为：喷嘴距6 mm、混合室长度42 mm、扩压室角度4.4°；最后搭建实验系统验证设计方法，基于设计方法设计的引射器的引射系数与实验值的平均相对误差为6.6%，验证了设计方法的准确性。研究结果可为高温高压蒸汽引射器的结构设计提供理论指导，具有重要的工程应用价值。

Abstract

Steam ejector technology integrated into combined heat and power systems enables effective thermalelectric decoupling and deep load following

with ejector performance directly influencing overall efficiency and operational stability. A one-dimensional thermodynamic design model for high-temperature and high-pressure steam ejectors is developed by incorporating the development characteristics of the compressible mixing layer. The concept of compressible mixing layer thickness is introduced based on the entrainment mechanism to determine the radial dimensions of the ejector. Numerical simulations are performed to evaluate ejector performance and flow field characteristics

which guide the optimization of axial dimensions. The optimal structural parameters are identified as a nozzle-to-mixing chamber distance of 6 mm

a mixing chamber length of 42 mm

and a diffuser angle of 4.4°. An experimental system is constructed to validate the proposed design method

and the results show an average relative error of 6.6% between the predicted and measured entrainment ratios

demonstrating the model's accuracy. The results provide a theoretical foundation for the structural design of high-temperature and highpressure steam ejectors and hold significant potential for practical engineering applications.

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references

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